Unity and Pluralism in Public International Law

Intro -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Table Of Contents -- Abbreviations -- Introductory Note -- Part 1 The Legal Structure Of Public International Law -- I Public International Law As A Legal System -- 1 Introduction: The Origins Of Public International Law -- 2 The Debate Concerning The Legal Character Of Public International Law -- A) The Doctrine Of Normativism -- B) The Sociological Approach -- C) Other Positions -- 3 Law As A Complex System Of Rules -- A) The Regulation Of Conflicts Of Interests -- B) Primary And Secondary Rules -- C) Legal Rules, Rules Of Morality, Social Usages And Rules Of Games -- 4 Theoretical Approaches And Paradigms -- A) Voluntarism -- B) Objectivism -- C) The Critical Approach -- Ii Universality And Particularism In International Custom -- 1 The Significance Of International Custom -- 2 Doctrinal Conceptions -- A) Voluntarist Perspective -- B) Normativist Approach -- 3 The Material Element: Universality And Generality Of Practice -- A) Regional Custom And Bilateral Or Local Custom -- B) The Perspective Of Opposability -- C) The Problem Of The Persistent Objector -- 4 The Unity Of The System And The Surmounting Of Pluralism -- 5 Multilateral Conventions And Resolutions Of Intergovernmental Organisations: The Codification Of International Custom -- 6 Social Change And Legal Change -- 7 The Spriritual Element -- A) Difficulty Of Proof -- B) The Paradox Of The Initial Act -- C) The Need Of Proof Of The Opinio Iuris -- 8 Other Approaches Relating To International Custom -- A) The Nature Of The Rule Relative To Custom As A Rule Of Recognition -- B) The Critical Legal Studies' Perspective Of International Custom -- Iii International Treaties And Material International Regimes -- 1 International Treaties As A Source: Annalytical Approaches -- 2 The Notion Of The International Treaty. 3 Particular International Law And Material International Regimes -- 4 Typology Proposal Of Material International Regimes -- 5 The Unity Of The International Legal System And Rule Subsystems -- 6 Conflicts Between Treaties -- 7 International Treaties And Ius Cogens Rules -- Iv The Open Structure Of Public International Law -- 1 Characteristics Of International Obligations -- A) Non Requirement -- B) Behavioural Obligations And Obligations Of Outcome -- C) Soft Law And Non-legal Obligations -- D) Rules And Standards -- 2 The Interpretation Of International Rules -- A) Interpretation Moments And Interpretation Patterns -- B) Interpretation And Judicial Decisions -- 3 Lacunae In Public International Law -- A) Types Of Lacunae -- B) Ways To Prevent Lacunae -- C) Lacunae And Judicial Decision -- 4 The General Principles Of Law -- A) The Nature Of The Rule Relative To The General Principles Of Law -- B) Principles Of Law And Legal Principles -- C) General Principles Of Law And A New Law Of Peoples -- Part 2 The Evolving International Community -- V States And International Organizations -- 1 International Personality: Approaches -- 2 States As Subjects Of Public International Law -- 3 State Sovereignty And International Law -- 4 The International Community -- A) The Realist Denial Of The International Community -- B) The Significance Of The International Community -- 5 International Organizations As Subjects Of International Law -- 6 Other Subjects Of International Law -- Vi Self-determination Of Peoples And Social Pluralism -- 1 The Meaning Of The Right To Self-determination Of Peoples -- 2 The Evolution Of The Principle In The United Nations -- A) Political Principle -- B) The Colonial Peoples Right -- C) Human Right -- D) Self-determination And Secession -- 3 Current Problems -- A) Rights Of Minorities -- B) Rights Of Indigenous Peoples. C) The Rights Of Groups -- 4 Self-determination, Social And Political Pluralism -- Vii The Human Person In International Law -- 1 The Human Person, International Personality And The Question Of The Unity Of International Law -- 2 International Treaties For The Protection Of Human Rights And The Objective Character Of Their Obligations -- 3 The Question Of The Universality Of Human Rights -- 4 The Fundamental Rules Of Humanitarian International Law -- 5 The Legal Dimension Of Human Rights As An International Concern -- 6 The International Rules Of Protection Of Human Rights And Their Legal Nature -- A) Customary Obligations -- B) Authorised Interpretation Of The Charter -- C) Basis As General Principles Of Law -- 7 International Community And Humanity -- Part 3 The Functions Of Public International Law -- Viii State Legal Powers And Common Interests -- 1 Functions Of Public International Law: Co-existence And Cooperation -- 2 The Doctrine Of Compétences In Legal Theory And In Public International Law -- 3 Territorial Power: Title And Effectivity -- 4 Maritime Frontiers, Powers And Interests Of States -- 5 Common Areas And Resources -- 6 Common Heritage Of Mankind And Globalization -- Ix International Responsability: Plurality Of International RÉgimes -- 1 International Responsability: Doctrinal Perspectives -- 2 Codification Of The Law Of International Responsability -- 3 Origin Of Responsability -- A) Unlawfulness And Wrongfulness -- B) Internationally Wrongful Acts: The Question Of Damage -- C) International Crimes Or Serious Breaches Of Obligations To The International Community? -- 4 The Notion Of Injured State -- 5 The Consequences Of An Internationally Wrongful Act -- 6 Self-contained Regimes Of Responsibility -- 7 The Question Of International Responsibility For Ultra-hazardous Activities Or Absolute Responsability. 8 Crimes Against The Peace And Security Of Mankind -- X The Pacific Settlement Of Disputes And The Multiplicity Of International Courts -- 1 The Principle Of Pacific Settlement Of Disputes And International Adjudication -- 2 The International Court Of Justice As A Judicial Organ With Voluntary Jurisdiction -- 3 Evolution Of The Activity Of The International Court Of Justice -- 4 The Distinction Between Political And Legal Disputes Revisited -- 5 The International Court Of Justice And The Security Council Resolutions -- 6 The Multiplicity Of International Judicial Organs And The Question Of The Unity Of The International Legal Order -- A) The International Center For The Settlement Of Investment Disputes (icsid) -- B) The International Tribunal For The Law Of The Sea -- C) The Wto Dispute Settlement Body -- D) The International Criminal Tribunals -- 7 Other International Tribunals In The Regional Sphere -- A) The European Court Of Human Rights -- B) The Court Of Justice Of The European Communities -- 9 Multiplicity Of Judicial Organs, Legal Pluralism And The Unity Of Public International Law -- Conclusion -- Selected Bibliography -- Table Of Cases -- Author Index -- Subject Index. Oriol Casanovas. Includes Bibliographical References (pages [251]-255) And Indexes.