Hardhats, Hippies, and Hawks: The Vietnam Antiwar Movement as Myth and Memory

In The Popular Imagination, Opposition To The Vietnam War Was Driven Largely By College Students And Elite Intellectuals, While Supposedly Reactionary Blue-collar Workers Largely Supported The War Effort. In Hardhats, Hippies, And Hawks, Penny Lewis Challenges This Collective Memory Of Class Polarization. Through Close Readings Of Archival Documents, Popular Culture, And Media Accounts At The Time, She Offers A More Accurate Counter-memory Of A Diverse, Cross-class Opposition To The War In Southeast Asia That Included The Labor Movement, Working-class Students, Soldiers And Veterans, And Black Power, Civil Rights, And Chicano Activists. Lewis Investigates Why The Image Of Antiwar Class Division Gained Such Traction At The Time And Has Maintained Such A Hold On Popular Memory Since. Identifying The Primarily Middle-class Culture Of The Early Antiwar Movement, She Traces How The Class Interests Of Its First Organizers Were Reflected In Its Subsequent Forms. The Founding Narratives Of Class-based Political Behavior, Lewis Shows, Were Amplified In The Late 1960's And Early 1970's Because The Working Class, In Particular, Lacked A Voice In The Public Sphere, A Problem That Only Increased In The Subsequent Period, Even As Working-class Opposition To The War Grew. By Exposing As False The Popular Image Of Conservative Workers And Liberal Elites Separated By An Unbridgeable Gulf, Lewis Suggests That Shared Political Attitudes And Actions Are, In Fact, Possible Between These Two Groups. Collective Memory Of Vietnam Antiwar Sentiment And Protest -- The Movement's Early Years : Fodder For The Image -- Countercurrents In The Movement : Complicating The Class Base -- The Counter Memory : Working Class Antiwar Sentiment And Action I : A Rich Man's War And A Poor Man's Fight : Labor Against War -- The Counter Memory : Working Class Antiwar Sentiment And Action Ii : Resistance And Dissent Within The Armed Forces : Gis And Veterans Join The Movement -- Anticipation Of The Class Divide -- Elite Doves Vs. Hardhats : Consolidation Of The Image. Penny Lewis. Bibliographic Level Mode Of Issuance: Monograph Includes Bibliographical References And Index. English