Access to Health Care in America

Starting P. 1) -- General Conclusions On The State Of Access (starting P. 3) -- Defining Access (starting P. 4) -- The Committee's Indicators And Progress Toward Access Objectives (starting P. 5) -- Objective 1: Promoting Successful Birth Outcomes (starting P. 5) -- Objective 2: Reducing The Incidence Of Vaccine-preventable Childhood Diseases (starting P. 7) -- Objective 3: Early Detection And Diagnosis Of Treatable Diseases (starting P. 8) -- Objective 4: Reducing The Effects Of Chronic Disease And Prolonging Life (starting P. 11) -- Objective 5: Reducing Morbidity And Pain Through Timely And Appropriate Treatment (starting P. 14) -- Recommendations (starting P. 16) -- 1 Introduction (starting P. 19) -- Background (starting P. 20) -- Developing A Set Of Indicators (starting P. 21) -- Relationship Of Access Monitoring To Other Relevant Activities (starting P. 22) -- Major Data Sources: Their Uses And Limitations (starting P. 23) -- Strengths And Weaknesses (starting P. 25) -- Crosscutting Issues (starting P. 28) -- 2 A Model For Monitoring Access (starting P. 31) -- Defining Access (starting P. 32) -- Measuring Access (starting P. 34) -- Indicators (starting P. 34) -- Utilization And Its Relationship To Health Care (starting P. 37) -- Barriers To Access (starting P. 39) -- 3 Using Indicators To Monitor National Objectives For Health Care (starting P. 46) -- Objective 1: Promoting Successful Birth Outcomes (starting P. 49) -- Utilization Indicator: Adequacy Of Prenatal Care (starting P. 49) -- Outcome Indicator: Infant Mortality (starting P. 56) -- Outcome Indicator: Low Birthweight (starting P. 61) -- Outcome Indicator: Congenital Syphilis (starting P. 66) -- Objective 2: Reducing The Incidence Of Vaccine-preventable Childhood Diseases (starting P. 69) -- Utilization Indicator: Preschool Immunization (starting P. 69) -- Outcome Indicator: Incidence Of Vaccine-preventable Childhood Diseases (starting P. 75) -- Objective 3: Early Detection And Diagnosis Of Treatable Diseases (starting P. 79) -- Utilization Indicators: Breast And Cervical Cancer Screening Procedures (starting P. 79) -- Outcome Indicator: Incidence Of Late-stage Breast And Cervical Cancers (starting P. 86) -- Objective 4: Reducing The Effects Of Chronic Diseases And Prolonging Life (starting P. 91) -- Utilization Indicator: Continuing Care For Chronic Diseases (starting P. 91) -- Utilization Indicator: Use Of High-cost Discretionary Care (starting P. 98) -- Outcome Indicator: Avoidable Hospitalization For Chronic Diseases (starting P. 102) -- Outcome Indicator: Access-related Excess Mortality (starting P. 106) -- Objective 5: Reducing Morbidity And Pain Through Timely And Appropriate Treatment (starting P. 112) -- Utilization Indicator: Percentage Of Healthy Individuals Who Do Not Contact A Physician During An Acute Episode Of Illness (starting P. 112) -- Utilization Indicator: Dental Services (starting P. 115) -- Outcome Indicator: Avoidable Hospitalization For Acute Conditions (starting P. 121) -- 4 Future Indicators (starting P. 130) -- Access To Health Care For People With Disabilities (starting P. 132) -- Family Violence (starting P. 133) -- Emergency Services (starting P. 134) -- Post-acute-care Services For The Elderly (starting P. 134) -- Prescription Drugs (starting P. 135) -- 5 Recommendations (starting P. 137) -- Crosscutting Recommendations (starting P. 137) -- Future Steps (starting P. 140) -- Objective 1: Promoting Successful Births (starting P. 140) -- Objective 2: Reducing The Incidence Of Vaccine-preventable Childhood Diseases (starting P. 141) -- Objective 3: Early Detection And Diagnosis Of Treatable Diseases (starting P. 142) -- Objective 4: Reducing The Effects Of Chronic Diseases And Prolonging Life (starting P. 143) -- Objective 5: Reducing Morbidity And Pain Through Timely And Appropriate Treatment (starting P. 144) -- App. A: Developing Indicators Of Access To Care: The Case For Hiv Disease (starting P. 147) / Vincent Mor -- App. B: Developing Indicators Of Access To Care: Waiting Lists For Drug Abuse Treatment (starting P. 181) / Don C. Des Jarlais, Samuuel R. Friedman -- App. C: Developing Indicators Of Access To Care: The Case For Migrants And The Homeless (starting P. 199) / Joanne E. Lukomnik -- App. D: Ambulatory-care-sensitive Conditions And Referral-sensitive Surgeries (starting P. 219) -- Index (starting P. 223) Utilization Indicator: Percentage Of Healthy Individuals Who Do Not Contact A Physician During An Acute Episode Of Illness. Utilization Indicator: Dental Services. Outcome Indicator: Avoidable Hospitalization For Acute Conditions -- 4. Future Indicators. Access To Health Care For People With Disabilities. Family Violence. Emergency Services. Post-acute-care Services For The Elderly. Prescription Drugs -- 5. Recommendations. Crosscutting Recommendations. Future Steps. Objective 1: Promoting Successful Births. Objective 2: Reducing The Incidence Of Vaccine-preventable Childhood Diseases. Objective 3: Early Detection And Diagnosis Of Treatable Diseases. Objective 4: Reducing The Effects Of Chronic Diseases And Prolonging Life. Objective 5: Reducing Morbidity And Pain Through Timely And Appropriate Treatment -- App. A: Developing Indicators Of Access To Care: The Case For Hiv Disease / Vincent Mor -- App. B: Developing Indicators Of Access To Care: Waiting Lists For Drug Abuse Treatment / Don C. Des Jarlais And Samuuel R. Friedman -- App. C: Developing Indicators Of Access To Care: The Case For Migrants And The Homeless / Joanne E. Lukomnik -- App. D: Ambulatory-care-sensitive Conditions And Referral-sensitive Surgeries. Committee On Monitoring Access To Personal Health Care Services, Institute Of Medicine ; Michael Millman, Editor. Includes Bibliographical References And Index. English.