Supercomplexity in Interaction: An Introduction to the 4Es

This book aims to explore the supercomplexity of interaction and to suggest ways of teaching about this supercomplexity in various settings, including intercultural communication and language-learning.Using complex systems theory, the author argues that interaction is actually a supercomplex adaptive system which interconnects a number of different complex systems (the 4Es: Expression, Encounter, Education, Emotion) to give it meaning. She then draws on the concept ofheartfulness to promote different ways of understanding and teaching the supercomplexity of interaction.This book will be of interest to language educators and students, as well as scholars of intercultural communication.