Microgrids: Design, Applications and Control

This book presents a comprehensive discussion on the modeling and analysis of microgrids. The book discusses load modeling, renewable distributed generation insertion, local control strategies and a general load flow method designed for balanced and unbalanced microgrids capable of operating connected to the main grid. Two types of primary control are discussed in this conventional power control for a residential fuel cell, and virtual synchronous generator control for a battery. The proposed method enables surplus/shortage power in a transient microgrid to be effectively and autonomously interchanged among clusters without using any tertiary control. Later, the authors aim to devise a solution for optimal dispatch of the energy resources in a microgrid being used to continue supplying critical loads during power outages. The goal is to maximize the number of loads served subject to the operational and technical constrains of the microgrid. This compilation includes a novel optimal fractional order general type-2 fuzzy logic proportional–integral–derivative (FOGT2FPID) controller book for the load frequency control of Shipboard MGs. Later, the Load Frequency Control Model is considered for its propensity to stabilize the frequency of the system in the presence of Distributed Generation, two Electric Vehicles as energy storage, and intermittent load and wind power profiles as uncertainties. Next, a critical review of fundamental knowledge and theories underpinning the formation of Microgrids, as well as techniques and strategies that have been proposed in recent years for the purpose of maintaining their stability, are provided. Discussions of current trends and future work in Microgrid research will also be presented. A networked system of systems approach is addressed to design a control for the islanded microgrid system consisting of distributed generation units and supplying a load. (Nova)